Enums:
- An enumeration defines a common type for a group of related values.
- Enums are value types that have a set of cases, where each case can have different associated values.
- Each value of an enum type represents a single case as defined by the enum.
- They can’t have any stored properties.(let, var)
Syntax:
enum SomeEnumeration {
// enumeration definition goes here
}
Structs:
Common features for Classes and Structs:
- Define properties to store values
- Define methods to provide functionality
- Define subscripts to provide access to their values using subscript syntax
- Define initializers to set up their initial state
- Be extended to expand their functionality beyond a default implementation
- Conform to protocols to provide standard functionality of a certain kind
Extra benefits of classes:
- Inheritance enables one class to inherit the characteristics of another.
- Type casting enables you to check and interpret the type of a class instance at runtime.
- Deinitializers enable an instance of a class to free up any resources it has assigned.
- Reference counting allows more than one reference to a class instance.
Syntax:
struct SomeStructure {
// structure definition goes here
}
Classes:
Unlike value types, reference types are not copied when they are assigned to a variable or constant, or when they are passed to a function. Rather than a copy, a reference to the same existing instance is used instead.
Syntax:
class SomeClass {
// class definition goes here
}
